Research suggests that several minerals and vitamins commonly found in trace mineral complexes — including iron, zinc, magnesium, and B vitamins — play meaningful roles in the biological processes underlying energy metabolism, oxygen transport, and the reduction of fatigue. Studies indicate that iron contributes to energy production not only through hemoglobin-based oxygen transport but also as a cofactor in metabolic enzymes, while zinc has been linked to endurance capacity and immune resilience in athletes, and B vitamins are consistently tied to cellular energy pathways and psychological vitality. The available evidence includes a randomized controlled trial, several narrative and literature reviews, and animal research, most of which point in a supportive direction, though some studies are neutral in their findings and a few are only tangentially related to supplementation in healthy individuals. It is worth noting that at least one review found that supplementation does not appear to enhance performance in people who are already meeting their nutritional needs through a balanced diet, and that much of the supporting evidence relies on observational data, self-report measures, or animal models rather than large-scale human clinical trials, which limits the strength of conclusions that can be drawn.
Citations from PubMed and preprint sources. Match score (0-100) reflects automated search ranking, not clinical appraisal.
| Title | Type | Year | Direction | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review o... | Review | 2020 | Supports | 72 |
| The Importance of Vitaminsfor Soccer Players. | Other | 2015 | Supports | 67 |
| Vitamins and psychological functioning: a mobile phone assessment of the effe... | RCT | 2011 | Supports | 62 |
| Neuropathology of sporadic Parkinson disease before the appearance of parkins... | Review | 2011 | Neutral | 57 |
| Behaviour of zinc in physical exercise: a special reference to immunity and f... | Review | 1995 | Supports | 52 |
| Doxorubicin causes lesions in the electron transport system of skeletal muscl... | Other | 2019 | Neutral | 47 |
| Influence of the radiopacifier in an acrylic bone cement on its mechanical, t... | Other | 2005 | Neutral | 42 |
| Iron deficiency: improved exercise performance within 15 hours of iron treatm... | Other | 1990 | Supports | 37 |